Turmeric root powder provides curcuminoid compounds, with curcumin as the primary bioactive. Curcumin is extensively studied for its role in supporting a healthy inflammatory response and antioxidant defense, with specific research on its hepatoprotective properties -- the mechanism by which it may help protect liver cells from oxidative and inflammatory stress. It is the highest-dosed ingredient in this formula at 300 mg.*

Beet Root contributes betalain pigments with antioxidant properties, alongside nitrates that support nitric oxide production and circulation. In the liver support context, beet root’s betaine content (trimethylglycine) supports methylation reactions relevant to liver fat metabolism and Phase II detoxification pathways. It complements the formula’s antioxidant and metabolic support dimensions.*

Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is one of the most traditional European liver and digestive botanicals, used for centuries as a cholagogue -- a compound that stimulates bile flow. Modern research focuses on its taraxacin and taraxacerin compounds for bile duct support and their associations with liver and gallbladder function. At 100 mg, it contributes to the formula’s bile flow support alongside Artichoke.*

Artichoke leaf extract standardized to 5% Cynarin is among the most studied botanicals for liver and bile support. Cynarin is the primary active compound responsible for Artichoke’s documented choleretic effect -- supporting bile production and flow from the liver to the gallbladder and intestines. This standardized form ensures consistent cynarin delivery per serving. Research has focused specifically on its role in supporting liver regeneration and hepatic antioxidant defense.*

Ginger root (Zingiber officinale) provides gingerol and shogaol compounds associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory support. In the context of liver health, ginger’s hepatoprotective associations are linked to its ability to support a healthy inflammatory response and protect against oxidative stress in hepatic tissue. It complements Turmeric’s curcuminoid antioxidant mechanism with a distinct gingerol-based approach.*

Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) is the most recognized botanical for liver support globally, valued for its silymarin complex -- a group of flavonolignans studied for hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and liver regeneration-supporting properties. This formula uses whole Milk Thistle powder rather than a standardized silymarin extract, providing the complete botanical matrix at 50 mg per serving.*

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) leaf provides chlorophyll, vitamins K and C, and a range of phytochemicals associated with general nutritive and antioxidant support. In traditional herbal medicine it is used as a supportive botanical for digestive and liver wellness. At 20 mg it contributes a whole-food nutritive dimension to the formula’s broader liver support profile.*

L-Cysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that serves as a precursor to glutathione -- the liver’s primary endogenous antioxidant and the most abundant antioxidant compound in the body. Glutathione is central to Phase II liver detoxification pathways, where it conjugates with toxins to make them water-soluble for excretion. Providing L-Cysteine as a glutathione precursor directly supports the liver’s detoxification capacity.*